Head for fire hoses and the like



p 1941- R. P. PARADISE I 2,254,751

HEAD FOR FIRE HOSES AND THE LIKE Q Filed July 5, 1938 2 Shets-Sheet ljm/e 77 20 7 faymona P 37700953,

'Sept. 2, 1941. R. P. PARADISE HEAD FOR FIRE HOSES AND THE LIKE FiledJuly 5, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 2, 1941 4 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE 2.254.151 HEAD FOR FIRE ROSES AND THE LIKE- Raymond P. rm.Indianapolis, Ind. Application July 5, 1938, Serial No. 217,328 3Claims. -(ci. 299-141 This invention relates to a method and means I forextinguishing fires resulting from burning oils, tars and the like whichpreclude the use of a direct stream of' water on them.

It is a primary object of the invention to provide a nozzle which willatomize a flowroi water under pressure to permit setting up over thefire of a blanket of water of sumcient density as will cut ofl. thenatural up draft produced by the heat of the fire but at the same timewill not cause' any stream of water to come into contact directly withthe burning material.

A further important object of the invention is to so as to shut oi! thesupply smother out the blaze.

A still further tion is that a blaze covering a considerable area may behandled and thereby quickly extinguished.

These and many other objects and advantages as illustrated by theaccompanying i and then spinning the neck I! from which the head flaresoutwardly in a fan-shape to terminate in an outer arcuate wall Iiconvexly presented from the outside ofthe head. The interior oi' thehead I rectangular cross section at any point this Outer wall and therear roundneck I.

This curved wall i8 is provided with a pinrality of orifices, hereinshown as being provided in nipples l1 screw-threadedly entered in holesprovided in the wall II. In the form shown in Figs. 1-5, there aretworows of these nipples i1 and the nipples of one row are staggered inrelation to those in the other row. Each of these nipples i7, Figs. 4and 5, consist of a body having a cylindrical bore ll therethrough of amajor diameter in the outer length and a reduced dimeter in the portionagainst the outer side of the wall I l and the outer periphery-of thisshoulder is preferably formed to receive a wrench as a means forpositioning and removing the nipples.

In the "outer end of each nipple I1 is secured a metal diaphragm 20.relativelythin and cupped of it against a shoulder outer end of thenipple around against the diaphragm.

drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a head in partialsection;

Fig. 2, aside elevation; Fig, 3, a front end elevation; Fig. 4, a frontend elevation on an enlarged scale of a single nozzle;

Fig. 5, a transverse section on the line 5-5 in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6, a side elevation of a slightly modified form of head; and

Fig. 7, a diagrammatic representation of the method of extinguishing ablaze.

Like characters of reference indicate like parts throughout the severalviewsin the drawings.

Referring to Figs. 14, a hollow head is formed to have a hose connectingcollar i0 swivelly secured to the rear end of the head by any suitshownas abushing ii screwwithin the head and having a able means, hereinthreadedly entered flange l2 engaging is.

This rear end of the head, generally designatedover the flange I301 thecollar A triangular orifice 2| is provided in the center of thediaphragm in my U. S.-Letters Patent No. Re. 19,913, issued March 31,1936.

Since these nipples ll project outwardly from the wall it, and alsosince the head I 4 may be subject to severe usage when in operation, thetop and bottom walls 22, 23 respectively of the head M are extendedbeyond the wall it to form the protecting aprons 2d and 25 apronsterminating a slight distance beyond the outer ends of the nipples ll,as indicated in the drawings. Preferably, although not necessarily, thehead is provided with top and bottom reenforcing radial flanges 28 tofurther reenforce the aprons 26 and 25. The primary purpose of theseaprons 24 and 25 is to prevent damage to the nipples I! should the headbe dropped or thrown about.

Referring now to Fig. 7, the head it is conby the numeral Hi, consistsof a short cylindrical nected o y suitable pipe or hose line Outletbetween a respectively. these 21 to receive a supply of water or anyfire exnumber of the nipples l1. Where the number tlnguishing materialunder pressure. The ordiof rows of the nipples l1 exceed two, it isprefnary city pumping pressure is suflicient in most erable that theupper and lower rows at least cases to accomplish the desired results.The flow be directed radially upwardly and downwardly of the fluidthrough the head ll carries the fluid 6 so as to give an increasedthickness in the heavy through the various orifices 21 in a uniformlydlstop fog layer, this being the primary purpose oftributed manner asrelating to the separate adding rows of nipples as indicated.

nipples l1. As the fluid leaves these orifices 2|, While I have hereinshown and described my 1t passes ther from m very finely divided t einvention in the one best form as now known to in the nature of a fograther than large drop '10 me, it is obvious that structural changes mayor solid streams. This fog, as it may be termed, be mp yed withoutdeparting from the spirit becomes 1m k by reason of th close proxof theinvention, and I, therefore. do not desire imity of one nipple to theother in one row and to be limited to that Precise r y nd the this fogbank further takes on a considerable limitations as may be imp s by h fllowin thicknessby reason of the second row of nipples; clalmfl- One ofthe peculiar features resulting from the I claim! structure aboveindicated is that the fluid in the A flre nozzle comprising a b dy hving an form of t fog m be cert-led an unbelievably internaldistributing cavity increasing in horifar distance, under high velocityiron the head some! Width from ell-intake end f h y gth t dropping in tt 1 drops or the toward its front end; a front wall across said hke body'curvingconvexly outwardly and provided Assuming that there is a blazeas represented with a plurality of orifices arranged in two by the tt A.Fig 7 t heed is so directed straight line IOWS horizontally therearound,the that the fog stream is carried in an appreciable in 011% row beingStaggered in relation thi kness over the of the to have an to theorifices in the other row; a nipple secured appreciable amount of t fogdrop out beyond in each of said orifices and extending outwardly t m ocourse this f g is continually therefrom each on a radial line of thecurvature settling from the under-side of the heavy m of said front wallto have the axes of the nipples ing body of the fog so that theatmospher n of one row in a horizontal plane parallel to the 7 aroundthe blaze A'becomes charged with mois- Plane 0f the axes of the pp of heother ture but at the same time does not have any Said nipples beingSpaced o from nother n t e or m m drops f water tn t over said frontwall a distance not substantially zone. By reason of the fact that thereis a body greater than the diameters of the p h of t fog of appreciablethickness above the of said nipples being formed to have an initialblaze A, t first noticeable result 13 that the internal diameter at itsinlet end less than its blaze will tend to turn andspread outwardlyinternal diameter therebeyond; and a closure along t underside oftheheevy top zone of fee across the outer end of each nipple having a e5m t by t ermwe Thts top zone being central, axially aligned dischargeorifice, the in l teral motion and also being of appreciabl edges ofwhich orifice define an area less than t i k i m i t t cut n t up draftthe internal transverse cross-sectional area of duced by the heat of theblaze. As the blaze the meier diameter part of e ni tends'to spread outunder this top zone desig- A fire Home CQmPIiSiBE a y h ving n hated byt 1 tt t heat m tend to internal distributing cavity increasing inhorivaporizethe fog and convert it into steam which 20mm Width from an nk and of the body l m outwardly and downwardly ereund 4 toward its frontend; a front wall across said t periphery t blaze end thereby quicklybody curving convexly outwardly and provided shut off the supply ofoxygen from the outside with a plurality f ifi s arranged in two t h ofmt thhmer g eppeeb straight line lows horizontally therearound. the iaround t e blaze 1 1 further m i orifices in one row being staggered inrelation to ting n t oxygen as 1t 1 tmtiehy drawn in the orifices in theother row; a nipple secured t w rd th blaze by t flow of therewwer ineach of said orifices and extending outwardly This enclrclipg enclosureof ste is mdleeted by therefrom each on a radial line of the curvature tdash lines Surrounding the blaze A m m q of said front wall to have theaxes of the nipples The greet aree of coverage produced by the of onerow in a horizontal plane parallel to the head It results from the factthat the jets i1 Plane of the axes of the nipples of the other havetheir bores l8 radically disposed to produce Said nipples being p d onefrom another a fan-shaped fog spreading quickly horizontally over saidfront wall a distance not substantially as t leaves t heed, 1 widespreadeovemge greater than the diameters of the nipples, each i absolutely til i order t t t heat of of said nipples being formed to have an initialt blaze 11 t cause an up draft, to sheet internal diameter at its-inletend less than its around t outer edges of t heevyupper t internaldiameter therebeyond; and a closure layer. The essential feature of thislayer is Toss the rd 0f h n pple having a.

that it have sufilcient density and sufficient mocentral. axially i ed ihar e rifi e. the t d tm be without ehy nd water streams edges of whichorifice define an area less than that the up draft movement will beeifectively the internal transverse cross-sectional area of incuttingdown the up draft.

cut ofl and at the same time the water particles the 4 diameter P of'then pp nd a p be fl enough t b practically m t t n and bottom lip eachextending forwardly of said converted into steam, this steam convertingprocfront Wall, d sp ce above and below said ess, 01' course, reducingthe temperature of th nipples sufllciently to be removed from contactmedium at the heavy fog layer to further aid with now from Said ni pl s-3; A fire nozzle comprising in combination a Referring now to th t, f.of t invention fan-shaped head having an intake at its smaller as shownin Fig. 6, the same type of head is and entering into a chamber in thehead divergformed with the exception that it is pro id d inghorizontally outwardly and forwardly of the with a greater verticaldepth to carry a greater intake n a front W fi ng h forward.

g r 2,254,751 r 3 enclosing end of said chamber curving by its inner anda nipple in each of said orifices having the and outer faces cbnvexlyoutwardly, a plurality nipple axis aligned with its orifice axis, saidof orifices in said wall spaced horizontally in nipple having a boreexpanded in cross-sectional line around the wall to have the orificeaxes on area toward its outer end in comparison to its lines radial ofthe wall curvature, a plurality of 5 inlet, end, and each nipple havinga discharge orifices on a line below the line of the first end,concavely curved wall through which is an orifices and having their axesalso on lines radial axially aligned triangular orifice defining an ofsaid wall curvature, the axes of the orifices opening less in area thansaid expanded area in in one row being parallel to the axes of theorifices the nipple.

in the other ro the orifices in one row further 10 RAYMOND P. PARADISE.being staggered between orifices in the otherrow,

